Childhood Expectancy And Its Effects On The Average Life...

Introduction: Does the percentage of population at/below poverty rate affect the average life expectancy in different countries? The raw data was collected at a secondary source online. The poverty rates was collected at the golbalissues.org and the world fact book, which are reputable sources. The life expectancy was collected from the world health organization which is also a trustworthy source and wikipedia. The hypothesis is that many countries who have a low percentage of their population in poverty have a higher life expectancy. While countries who have a higher percentage of their population in poverty have a lower life expectancy. Background Information: Poverty is basically people who lack the essential resources to live a moderately healthy lifestyle. They find it hard to survive and lack food, shelter and water. Some countries have social welfare, however most countries do not have this the of luxury because they are either under developed or just developing countries. While life expectancy is the average amount of years a person may live based on demographic factors, gender and many other standards. Over the past decade it has been very noticeable that the countries that had a good economy, were developed, had an education, a good healthcare system and the essential necessities had a higher life expectancy. Analysis: From the raw data that was taken the average life expectancy was 69.868 years, the mode was 74.5, the median was 73.5, the lowestShow MoreRelatedHealth and Social Care Level 3 Assign3 Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pages3.1 Analyse why life expectancy has increase over the last century. Life expectancy in the human race has risen dramatically in the past century reaching its highest level for both male and female on record. Between 1981 and 2002 life expectancy at age 50 increases by four and a half years for men and three years for women and two years respectively. By 2002 women who were age of 65 could expect to live to the age of 84 while men could expect to live to the age of 81. The primary reason for theRead MoreSocial And Behavioral Determinants Of Health948 Words   |  4 Pageshigh fertility such as lack of family planning education, child bearing age, and availability of contraception. The second stage; Age of declining pandemics is characterized by decline of deaths rate while birth rates remains high. â€Å"The average life expectancy at birth increases steadily from about 30 to about 50 years. Population growth is sustained and begins to describe an exponential curve† (Omran, 2005). The decline of death rates was due to the shift of diseases from infectious diseases suchRead MoreThe Effect Of Life Expectancy1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Life Expectancy in the Current Century The life expectancy has improved over the past century, due to advances in preventative care and control of infectious diseases, better and more reliable nutrition, housing, hygiene, and medical care. For instance, advances in medical technology in relation to such treatment of heart disease and stroke, as well as living healthier lifestyles, improvements in access to health care, and better overall health before age 65, resulted in continuedRead MoreShould A Child Be Fully Toilet Trained?1152 Words   |  5 Pagescondition is so serious that it can last for weeks and can cause pneumonia, seizures, brain damage and even death. Per the Center for Disease control and Prevention (2016) â€Å"In the 20th century, pertussis was one of the most common childhood diseases and a major cause of childhood mortality in the United States. Before the availability of pertussis vaccine in the 1940s, more than 200,000 cases of pertussis were reported annually. Since widespread use of the vaccine began, the incidence has decreased moreRead MoreCaloric Intake and Childhood Obesity Essay2769 Words   |  12 Pagesbecome. Did I want to become a doctor to earn a lot of money and live a prosperous life, be respected in society, or so that I could simply help other people? The answer came to me not too long ago while I was volunteering at the Methodist Richardson Hospital. During my time in the children’s ward reading books with these children or even just talking to them, I felt a sense of fulfillment. Seeing these children with life threatening diseases, such as cancer, smiling happily as if nothing were wrongRead MoreWhat Does It Mean For The Health Of A Nation? Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesAustralians have one of the highest life expectancies in the world, but does this mean we are healthy? What does it mean to measure the health of a nation? And can we say, with such a diverse population, that we are doing better or worse across the board? Death rates continue to drop in Australia, and not only are people living longer, but they are living with more years free of disability. We have access to increasingly innovative and sophisticated health care, including improved detection, diagnosisRead MoreUnderstanding The Health And Social Needs Of A Local Population1716 Words   |  7 Pagesdeveloping an action plan or other means of improving the quality of life of the community (Hawtin and Percy-Smith, 2007). Newcastle was chosen as a geographical area to base the following community profile on as it is currently the 40th most deprived local authority area in the country according to the IMD 2010 (The English Indices of Deprivation, 2010). With long-term unemployment at a high of 12.3% compared to the national average or 9.5%, individuals in Newcastle are struggling to maintain theirRead MoreTrends in Healthcare Strategies801 Words   |  3 Pagesby chronic conditions, especially among the baby boomer generation. One important component here is that many of these conditions are preventable. Ironically, current health technology and a focus on healthier lifesty les have created a longer life expectancy than ever before in human history. The irony is, however, that older age and less activity also means more chronic conditions. This is something that should form the focus of implementing a health care program for the baby boomer generationRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia and Psychosis1106 Words   |  4 Pagesemotional and behavioral problems can lead to secondary problems like unemployment, academic difficulties and social issues. Schizophrenics have higher tendency to suicide than general population which makes their life expectancy 15 years less than the general population. The average life expectancy  of people with the disorder is 12 to 15  years less than those without, the result of increased physical health problems and a higher suicide  rate (about 5%). Following are the classification of SchizophreniaRead MoreHunter Gatherers : More Beneficial Or Beneficial?1656 Words   |  7 Pagesgrown and animals are maintained for future consumption. It seems like a simple life, but much effort and time is involved to maintain health and balance on a farmland. Although, it may seem that a farmer’s life is more beneficial to humans, evidence shows that hunters-gathers lead a more advantageous, healthy and fulfilling life. The ultimate goal for both hunter-gatherers and farmers is the same; survival and a better life, but hunter-gatherers reap more benefits from their mobile and sustainable lifestyle

Riordan Manufacturing Proposal Package Free Essays

Running Header: PROPOSAL PACKAGE Proposal Package Stephen J Kiser University of Phoenix March 22, 2010 Cover Letter The goal is over the next 18 months to develop a system that will allow for the production of both our generic electric fans and personalized fans offered at our China location to become a more stream line process and adopt more of a just-in-time manufacturing approach. In order to make this process a reality the IT department will sent a request to develop an automated ordering system that will allow for quick and accurate tracking of inventory level and ordering of new inventory. The IT department will also be requested to order new bar coding systems that will allow for all merchandise and raw materials to be bar coded, and will decrease the time needed to verify new shipments. We will write a custom essay sample on Riordan Manufacturing Proposal Package or any similar topic only for you Order Now The suggestion will also be made to supplement the supply chain by adding an additional provider of electronic fan motors since the company currently being used does not have a perfect track record of dependable on time deliveries of needed inventory. Supplementing this provider will increase the successfulness of the company’s change from a stock-to-market approach to a just-in-time manufacturing approach. Materials Requirement Plan Materials Requirement Planning is an integral part of any manufacturing based business. According to The Free Dictionary’s definition of materials requirement planning is that this system â€Å"provides the user with information about timing (when to order) and quantity (how much to order), generates new rders, and reschedules existing orders as necessary to meet the changing requirements of customers and manufacturing† (2009). This definition of materials requirement planning illustrates the importance of having an excellent system in place to make certain that ordering needed materials is done in an orderly fashion that allows for the needed materials to be on hand, but will not result in an instance of having excessive amounts of inventory in stock that will need to be held for long periods of time, or that may not be used at all. For this reason Riordan needs to develop a strategy that will allow for a computerized inventory system to be utilized, which will allow for ordering to be done when materials reach a certain point so that the company doesn’t experience any down time due to insufficient amounts of inventory. One method that can be utilized to increase the efficiency in the current method of shipping and receiving raw materials would be to have a computerized system that automatically orders materials bases on sales projections entered into the system by the shipping supervisor. When orders are received the current technique is to have all orders checked first by the shipping supervisor and then unloaded by a team of employees. However, this could be streamlined as well and each incoming package be labeled with a bar code that the unloading team could then scan and after the truck had been completely unloaded the computer system would then compare what was ordered to what was received and make adjustments accordingly. New Process Design for Production of Electric Fans Currently Riordan produces the electric fans at the plant located in China. This allows for the company to utilize the cheaper resources and labor that is associated with this area. Currently the process that is utilized is that the plastic polymers used in the production of the fans are bought locally, along with the completed fan engines that will power the electric fans. The plant in China then injects the plastics into molding machines that create the various plastic parts that will be used in the completed project. Once the products are completed the plant will then ship these electric fans to anywhere in the World through use of FedEx. This process design for the production of the electric fans is sound and seems not to have any negative effects associated with this process. The only changes that could possibly be made to increase efficiency are the method used in determining what amount of products needs to be ordered. Currently the method is extrapolation based on the previous three years of sales, due to the issue with on time deliveries this method is understandable, but perhaps isn’t the most cost efficient. If the company was able to develop a more reliable supply chain than currently exist this would allow for more â€Å"real time† ordering to be done and thus the company could experience a higher degree of dynamic production capacity than currently exist (Riordan, 2009). Supply Chain for Electric Fans Currently the supply chains that exist for the Chinese plant that produces the electric fans is the purchasing of plastic polymers, used in the production of the plastic components of the fans, and ordering of the completed electric motors used to power these fans. According to the Riordan Manufacturing website there seems to be no obvious flaws with the shipments being received of the plastic polymers or any of the miscellaneous equipment used in the production of the plastic fans. However, there is only a 93% chance that the shipments of the electric fan motors will be received on time. This may not appear to be an issue to some companies but can be extremely important when attempting to develop a real time ordering system that required on time shipment of all goods and services so as not to stop the production process. For, this reason the easiest way to ensure on time delivery of these items would be to expand the sources for these parts outside of the one company that is currently used so that if one location cannot provide on time delivery of needed equipment then the other location can be utilized to maintain an steady shipment of the needed equipment to produce these electric fans. Productions Forecast for Electric Fans Currently the production forecast being utilized by the company is a make-to-stock production forecast model in which the company uses the past hree years of ordering data and through forecasting attempt to develop production level goals for the plant. This approach heavily relies on the idea that the past will repeat itself, which isn’t the case many times. This approach results in overproduction in times of economic downturn, while it may result in under production of products in periods of economic growth. This is why the suggestion is to create a more dependable supp ly chain and turn the process into a just-in-time approach, since this technique would be better suited for the individualized products that the Riordan location in China offers to customers. This would also allow for more real time data to be used when attempting developing forecasting plans and would allow for short-term changes made to the production capacity of the plant depending on the current economic situation. Implementation Plan The first task that needs to be completed in order to make the suggested changes listed above would be to complete the database system that would be responsible for tracking inventory at the electric fan plant. Developing this system would require that either an internal or external IT department be consulted or a plan of action be developed which would allow for the development of the software and purchasing of the hardware needed for this process. As the software is being developed the current amounts of inventory must first be entered into the new system that will be tracking the usage and ordering of the equipment needed in the production of the electric fans. Once this information is entered the system must have minimal information entered which will allow for the system to realize when ordering new materials is needed so that the plant does not exhaust the resources on hand before a new order is received. Once this software has been installed hardware will need to be purchased that will allow for the bar-coding of merchandise and for incoming orders to be scanned and electronically entered into the system. The second element associated with the changes being suggested is the increase in the reliability of the supply chain. First negotiations may need to take place with the initial provider of electric fan motors to ascertain exactly how many of these motors can be purchases and within what time frame and the order be guaranteed to be delivered on time. Once this information is gathered the company can attempt to set up a secondary provider of these completed motors that will ship the parts that the initial supplier may not be able to guarantee on time delivery of. Once these negotiations have taken place this information can be entered into the ordering data base so that the system will automatically order the needed parts from the supplier that will be able to ship the equipment so the orders will be received on the specified need date. References Riordan Manufacturing. (2009) Intranet. Retrieved March 20, 2009 from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/business/riordan/RioMfgHome002. htm The Free Dictionary. (2009). Materials Resource Planning. Retrieved March 20, 2009 from http://encyclopedia2. thefreedictionary. com/Material+Resource+Planning How to cite Riordan Manufacturing Proposal Package, Papers

Challenges of Managing Global Teams-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Challenges of Managing Global Teams. Answer: Introduction: In the present competitive business environment, each organization is looking to initiate several strategies for handling entire workforce in an appropriate manner. Business expansion has emerged as a key term for all businesses to maintain sustainable growth in the competitive market. Therefore, utilization of global workforce has become essential for all the organizations to enhance the overall efficiency level of the operational procedure. In this study, the focus would be provided on different initiated management strategies to handle diversified workforce in an appropriate way. The study has already covered detailed description of different methods organizations from different sector have initiated in the literature review section. Here, the study will concentrate on initiating different methods for assessing the kind of challenges associated with managing a globally diversified team. For that reason, it will formulate a scheduled plan to cover entire area associated with the re search topic. Project Objective: In order to evaluate all the challenges of the managers in handling global team, the study will concentrate on following objectives: Primary objective: To identify all types of challenges associated with managing a globally diversified team Secondary objectives: To assess all the prime factors that induce businesses to recruit individuals from different part of the world To highlight the kind of challenges executive level of employee have faced in working with diversified workforce To recommend best possible way for the management to handle globally diversified workforce for accomplishing business goals and objectives Project Scope: The research project has concentrated on extremely vast topic that covers several factors. Moreover, the study has included aspects of every industry for highlighting the challenges of the managers in handling diversified workforce. Now, different industries have different dimension and requirements. As a result, the management challenges are also different from one another. In addition, it is often found that employees from different cultural background have different problems. Hence, the study has plenty of scope to concentrate on different areas of the business for accomplishing all the research goals and objectives. Moreover, proper evaluation is also likely to provide scope for the research study to offer effective recommendations for the betterment of business performances. Literature Review: In the assessment 1, the study has provided detailed description about the way globally diversified team has allowed enhancing operational performances. The literature review has evaluated a previous article namely Choices, Challenges, and Career Consequences of Global Work Experiences: A Review and Future Agenda. Here, the study has concentrated on assessing the employee perspectives in taking on the challenges associated with the global responsibilities. On the other hand, the assessment 1 also highlighted the factors that have created challenges for the management in handling the workforce. As per the article by Reiche, Mendenhall and Stahl (2016) individuals from different geographical and cultural background is likely to have different ways to express their skills and knowledge. Therefore, it can definitely create initial communication barriers among different group of employees. Now, communication is arguably the most important aspect for maintaining team performance. Moreover, several managers have also found it difficult to convey necessary message to all the employees regardless of their cultural or geographical background. On the other hand, Daim et al. (2012) have mentioned that development of diversified teams allow businesses to understand different queries and complains of the customers. As a result, it helps to build strong interpersonal relationship with all the potential customers, which is likely to create positive impact on the sustainable growth perspective. The assessment 1 also highlighted the increasing popularity of outsourcing concepts that induce businesses to deal with employees of different countries simultaneously (Kim and McLean 2012). It increases the need for utilizing the globally diversified workforce in a major way. Moreover, inclusion of indigenous people within workplace has emerged as one of the prime global phenomenon. It not only created challenges for the employees to mix with all members associated with team but also has created major challenges for the managers in keeping healthy working environment. In the assessment 1, proper justification has been provided on the way utilization of globally diversified teams will help organizations to enhance business performances. However, the literature gap section has highlighted no specific way for the managers to handle a globally diversified team (Erez et al. 2013). In fact, managers can have to face different unique challenges on regular basis. Therefore, management needs to have proper level of skills to enhance the overall performance of the organization. The study has also mentioned inclusion of indigenous people within the workplace will be a major challenge for any management. Therefore, the study will have to concentrate on different areas of handling a diversified team for accomplishing all the business goals and objectives in an appropriate manner. Research Questions: For accomplishing all the projects objectives successfully, the study will concentrate on following research questions: Primary research questions: What are the challenges associated with managing a globally diversified team Secondary research questions: What are the prime factors that induce businesses to recruit individuals from different part of the world? What are the challenges executive level of employee have faced in working with diversified workforce? Research Design and Methodology: As stated by Mackey and Gass (2015) proper selection of research methodology is critical for accomplish all the research goals within the limited timeframe. Primary and secondary are the available types of data that research projects can use for accomplishing all the goals (Kuada 2012). In order to identify all the challenges associated with handling global teams, the study will concentrate on primary data collection technique. Moreover, the study will choose quantitative data collection technique for identifying the trends across different universities. The utilization of process of quantitative data collection technique is provided as follows: Research instruments: Research instrument refers to the resources that any research project will require for completing all the needs of the quantitative data collection (Bryman and Bell 2014). The selection appropriate research instrumentations are critical for covering all areas associated with the research topic. For assessing the challenges associated with handling global teams, the study will concentrate on utilizing the instruments like survey, questionnaire, reliability and validity. The selection of these mentioned instruments will help the study to describe the actual situation in an effective manner. Quantitative data analysis process: The selection of quantitative analysis will help the study to describe the research area based on numeric value. Here, the study will concentrate on online survey procedure to capture all the required data related with the research topic. The study will also formulate a questionnaire with only closed end questions for assessing a trend regarding the types of challenges faced by the managers in handling global teams (Silverman 2016). After the completion of data collection process, the study will concentrate on identifying best analysis tools for evaluating the collected data. Here, the study will use graphs and charts to describe a trend related with the challenges in handling diversified teams. Here, the study will also use mean, median and mode technique to enhance the overall quality of the research project. Sampling strategy: As illustrated by Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault (2015) proper utilization of sampling technique is critical for gathering effective information about the research topic. Here, the study will have to consider all the working employees and managers as the part of the research population. Obviously, it will be impossible to cover the entire population for data collection purpose. Now, sample refers to specific portion of the population that accurately describe entire population. Probability and non-probability are the types of sampling that study can use to accomplish research objectives (Roberts 2013). Here, the study will select stratified random sampling to choose respondents from different industries or departments. The study will select total 150 managers from different sector as respondents for covering all the research needs in an effective manner. Interviewing and questionary design: As mentioned earlier, the study will concentrate on developing questionnaire with only closed-end questions, as it will help identify the trend associated with research topic. The study will use online survey method for gathering information, as it will reduce the time required for accomplishing all the research goals and objectives. Moreover, all the managers have many responsibilities in their professional life (Panneerselvam 2014). Therefore, utilization of online platform is likely to allow managers to respond as per their convenience, which will increase the quality of the collected data. Reliability and validity of the data: As described by Flick (2015) proper evaluation of reliability and validity of the data is necessary for covering all aspects associated with the research topic. Reliability refers to the overall quality of the collected data. On the other hand, validity refers to examine the authenticity of the provided information. Proper utilization of reliability and validity test is also likely to keep the consistency of the research topic (Tong et al. 2012). For that reason, the study has concentrated on using only authentic sources for gathering secondary information. On the other hand, the study has selected those managers who have significant amount of capability in providing accurate data about the research topic. Research Limitations: Proper identification of the research limitations is also critical for avoiding any type of ethical challenges. The study has purposely concise the research aim and objectives for covering all areas associated with the research topic. Here, the study has assumed that the selected research methodology will able to cover all the areas associated with the research topic. Moreover, the study has assumed the selected sample size will able to represent the entire population successfully. In addition, the study has also assumed that the selected data analysis technique is the best suited for the research topic and inclusion of any other technique is not required. Time Schedule (Research plan): Activities Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Topic selection Project scope Development of research objectives Literature review Research methodology Limitations Submission Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: As created by the author) Conclusion: The above illustration has covered all the areas associated with the research project. The study has provided detailed description regarding the way all the relevant data associated with research topic will be collected within given time span. It has also highlighted the time required for capturing and evaluating relevant information. In addition, the inclusion of reliability and validity test is likely to enhance the overall quality of the research projects. For that reason, it is expected that the study will able to fulfil all the requirements of the research topic within the given period of time. It is also expected that the selected research method will be covered within limited budget. Moreover, the study has also maintained ethical guidelines to avoid any type of unnecessary challenges associated with the research topic References: Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2014.Research methodology: Business and management contexts. Oxford University Press Southern Africa. Daim, T.U., Ha, A., Reutiman, S., Hughes, B., Pathak, U., Bynum, W. and Bhatla, A., 2012. Exploring the communication breakdown in global virtual teams.International Journal of Project Management,30(2), pp.199-212. Erez, M., Lisak, A., Harush, R., Glikson, E., Nouri, R. and Shokef, E., 2013. Going global: Developing management students' cultural intelligence and global identity in culturally diverse virtual teams.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), pp.330-355. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Kim, S. and McLean, G.N., 2012. Global talent management: Necessity, challenges, and the roles of HRD.Advances in Developing Human Resources,14(4), pp.566-585. Kuada, J., 2012.Research methodology: A project guide for university students. Samfundslitteratur. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Reiche, B.S., Mendenhall, M.E. and Stahl, G.K. eds., 2016.Readings and cases in international human resource management. Taylor Francis. Roberts, T., 2013. Understanding the research methodology of interpretative phenomenological analysis.British Journal of Midwifery,21(3). Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Smith, J.A. ed., 2015.Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Tong, A., Flemming, K., McInnes, E., Oliver, S. and Craig, J., 2012. Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ.BMC medical research methodology,12(1), p.181.

Songhai Empire Essay Example

Songhai Empire Paper Beffa 4 The Songhai Empire Alex Beffa Global History April 9, 2012 Beffa 3 The Songhai, also known as the Songhay, was not only the last, but also the largest and greatest empire of western Africa between 1000 and 1600 ce. i The previous empire was the Mali empire. Songhai was just a client state at the port of Gao, which was a major trading port for trans-Saharan trade especially since it is located on the Niger river. When the Mali empire started to decline in the 14 th century, the Songhai king declared independence. i The Songhai empire was the most thriving west African empire for many reasons but major ones are: the kings Sunni Ali and Muhammad Ture as well as the conquering of the city of Timbuktu. Sunni Ali became ruler in 1464. He did not waste any time waiting to begin expanding. Shortly after coming to power, he went to conquer the great trading port of Timbuktu from the Tuareg raiders. After Timbuktu was his, Sunni Alis armies went south to the port of Jenne. In 1480, he attacked the Mossi states south of the Niger river. He had a strong military background which helped him become one of the best conquerers and leaders in African empire history until this point. His best asset was his naval skills which is mostly likely why he typically conquered ports along the Niger river. One of his major advancements was the the creation of a bureaucracy. This allowed the Songhai to be a more centralized empire than the previous empires of Ghana and Mali. To help get the Muslim support, Sunni Ali claimed to be a Muslim, though he never truly left the old traditional religions supposedly due to the belief that it was the source of his supernatural powers in battle. We will write a custom essay sample on Songhai Empire specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Songhai Empire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Songhai Empire specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In 1492, after a successful conquest, according to some oral traditions, Sunni Ali drowned while crossing the Niger river. Still others refuse to accept this theory, insisting that he died in battle. His reign was from 1464-1492. When Sunni Ali died, one of his sons named Sunni Barou took over. iii Unfortunately, unlike his father, Sunni Barou did not claim to be Muslim but rather embraced the old tradition. This did not go over very well with the Muslim community in the empire. Not long after taking the throne, Sunni Barou was overthrown by a very faithful muslim named Muhammad Ture. Born around 1440, he was a very ruthless Beffa 4 killer. He even want so far as to eliminate the rest of Sunni Alis family members. As for his way of governing, the Islamic religion played a big role. He believed that the spread of islam was very important for two reasons. One, he was a devout muslim and felt that everyone should be. And second, he saw Islam as a way to unify the empire. He organized his own bureaucracy with 10 providences and an administrator for each. This allowed him to rule very effectively over a vast empire. To lower chances of a rebellion, Muhammad Ture would not allow the kings of the conquered to keep their power but instead he would replace them with members of his own family. In 1495, Muhammad decided to make a pilgrimage to Mecca. Unlike other rulers, he was able to leave for long periods of time due to how incredibly stable his government was. After his journey, he felt the need to expand the empire. When Sunni Ali had died, a good number of the states Sunni Ali had conquered had declared independence. It was up to muhammad to reassert the Songhai’s control over these territories. He had no problem with going on an almost continuous military conquest for close to two decades. Like Sunni Ali, Muhammad Ture also expanded the navy. After a military life like that, he was lucky to be around to experience old age. In 1528 Muhammad was so well aged that he had lost the drive to continue the conquests. Also he began to go blind, so his son Farimundyo Musa took over. Farimundyo Musa changed his name to Askia Musa which is where the Askia dynasty comes from. Askia Musa was assassinated in 1531 by one of his brothers. Since Muhammad Ture was Islamic and education is a big part of Islam, Muhammad obviously supported education. The University of Timbuktu was one of the first universities in all of Africa. It attracted many scholars, mainly Islamic. Trade helped bring prosperity to the Songhai Empire as well as these other advances. iv Timbuktu was not only, a major trading spot, but also an educational capital. It had a big effect on the Songhai empire. By conquering this major port early on in the Songhai empires life, it established a sort of foundation. By controlling this port along with a few other key cities, they basically dominated the trans-Saharan trade. Timbuktu Beffa 3 was founded by nomads of the Tuareg in the early 12 th century. In its early days, Timbuktu was thought to be inferior to other major trading ports for trans-Saharan trade such as the cities of Ghana or Walata because they were more impressive. It did not take long to change peoples minds. Timbuktu and its sister city Jenne, which was also soon conquered by the Songhai, were in much better position to the gold field than Walata. Another factor in the rise of timbuktu was the nomad arabs that had been raiding caravans along the western routes. In turn, more people had been taking the eastern routes through Timbuktu. Finally, probably the most signif icant reason timbuktu was such a major port, Timbuktu was on a point where three major trans-Saharan routes went: the Mauritanian, Taghaza salt road, and the route to In Salah by way of Arawan. Two of the most important major imports and exports of the Songhai empire were salt and gold, but other items included slaves, ivory, cotton fabrics, grains, and ostrich feathers. vi To Timbuktu in particular, the major ones were gold, salt, slaves, and kola nuts. The salt came from the salt mines in the Sahara. The gold came from Bure, Bambuk, and Akan. The others, kola nuts and slaves were kinda of wide spread, coming from several p laces and in demand at many more. Naturally as a major trading port, Timbuktu had cultural diffusion. Islamic ideas were passed around especially when Muhammad Ture was in power. vii In 1591 a Moroccan force overthrew the last king of the Songhai empire, thus ending the reign of the greatest western African empire between 1100 and 1600. viii They took the capital at Gao and then moved on to timbuktu. ix It would make sense that trade would be the Songhais forte since when the Mali empire was still in power, the Songhai was a major trading spot at the city of Gao. And the big emphasis on having a great navy would also make sense considering they are located on the Niger river. The major reasons for such an enormous and thriving empire were the well-organized government, combined with outstanding kings, and never having a financial crisis since they conquered cities like Timbuktu and Jenne right from the beginning. Beffa 4 Bibliography Fritze, Ronald. Timbuktu. In World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2004-. Accessed April 16, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. Insoll, Timothy A. â€Å"Trade Empire. † Archeaology 53, no. 6 (november 2000): 48 MAS Ultra-School Edition, Ebscohost (accessed February 5, 2012). Page, Willie F. Encyclopedia of African History and Culture. USA: A Learning Source Book, 2001 William, Oscar. â€Å"Songhai Empire. † In World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABCCLIO, 2004-. Accessed February 5, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abcclio. com/search/display/601432? terms=songhai World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. â€Å"Africa, 3000 BCE-1500 BCE,† ac cessed February 4, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abcclio. com/search/display/588506? terms=medieval+africa+songhai World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Askia dynasty, accessed April 16, 2012. http://ancienthistory. bc-clio. com/. World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Muhammad Ture, accessed April 15, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Sunni Ali, accessed April 8, http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. 2012. i Oscar William. â€Å"Songhai Empire. † In World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC- CLIO, 2004-. Accessed February 5 , 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/search/display/601432? terms=songhai ii World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Sunni Ali, accessed April 15, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. om/. iii World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Sunni Ali,† iv World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Muhammad Ture, accessed April 15, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. v Ronald Fritze. Timbuktu. In World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. ABC-CLIO, 2004-. Accessed April 16, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. vi World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Muhammad Ture,† vii Fritze viii World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras, s. v. Askia dynasty, accessed April 16, 2012. http://ancienthistory. abc-clio. com/. ix Fritze

List of Elements Belonging to the Actinide Group

List of Elements Belonging to the Actinide Group The actinide or actinoid elements are a series of elements including atomic number 89 (actinium) through 103 (lawrencium). Here is a list of elements that are actinides, a subset of the rare earth elements group. Discussions of actinide elements may refer to any member of the group by the symbol An. All of the elements are f-block elements, except sometimes actinium and lawrencium. As such, the actinides are a subset of the transition metals group. Here is a list of all of the elements in the actinide series: Actinium (sometimes considered a transition metal  yet not an actinide)ThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrencium  (sometimes considered a transition metal yet not an actinide) For more information about the actinide element group: Actinides Element Group

Assistant Restaurant Manager Cover Letter Sample

Assistant Restaurant Manager Cover Letter Sample SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Hospitality's a competitive industry, but luckily the applicant who wrote this cover letter has both a degree in Hospitality Management and experience as a server. In his cover letter,Charliestrives to show that he's ready to move into a managerial position. Read on to see how Charlie presents his skills and experiences in the restaurant industry. Then check out the breakdown of what his cover letter does well. Cover Letter for Position of Assistant Restaurant Manager Charlie Putnam5 Mountain RoadCentreville, VA 20122 May 1, 2016 Ms. Talia RichardsonRestaurant ManagerTapea Restaurant Group56 Main St.Centreville, VA 20122 Dear Ms. Richardson, As I was growing up, Friday nights always meant dinner at Tapea. Your dining room was like a home away from home for me and my family, and we came back weekly for the amazing food, comfortable atmosphere, and warm customer service. As I graduate with a degree in Hospitality Management from Johnson and Wales in May, I would be thrilled to join the ranks of my favorite restaurant as Assistant Restaurant Manager, an opportunity I saw posted on your front window. Please allow me to share how my background makes me a great fit for the role. Over the past few summers, I worked as a server at Solera, a Spanish restaurant in Providence. In this position, I developed excellent customer service and organizational skills, as well as close attention to detail. I also went beyond my duties as server to help planfunctions for parties of 50 to 100 people. In particular, I led the planning ofa graduation party last June. My experiences taught me a great deal about all the moving parts that must come together for a restaurant to stand out in the competitive hospitality industry. Beyondmy professional experiences, I’ve gained industry knowledge through my studies in Hospitality Management. My classes and practicums taught me the ins and outs of budget management, conflict resolution, and team leadership. For my thesis project, I created an employee handbook that contained workplace policies and training instructions. In a managerial role, I would seek to inspire a sense of pride and ownership of responsibilities among my fellow employees. I would carry on Tapea’s dedication to a truly great dining experience for its guests. I believe that my knowledge and experience, along with my outgoing personality and strong work ethic, make well suited to the Assistant Manager position with Tapea Restaurant. As a lifelong patron, I have firsthand experience with your great customer service and amazing menu (the garlic chicken croquettes are actually addictive). I look forward to learning more about the position and can be contacted anytime by phone or email. Thanks very much for your time. Sincerely, Charlie Putnam Charlie Putnamcharlie.putnam@gmail.com555-555-5555 Does Charlie's cover letter show that he's ready to take on the role of Assistant Restaurant Manager? Assistant Restaurant Manager Cover Letter: The Breakdown In his cover letter for the Assistant Restaurant Manager position, Charlie expresses his excitement about the prospect of working for Tapea Restaurant. He tells the hiring manager that he grew up going to the restaurant and knows it well. Then he goes on to focus on his professional experiences and academic studies as they relate to the new job. In the first part of his argument, Charlie talks about his experiences working in the restaurant industry. Not only has he worked as a server, but he also helped plan large functions and events. Beyond working in a restaurant, he also studied Hospitality Management at school and learned about management responsibilities, like preparing a budget and team leadership. From his cover letter, it's clear that Charlie understands the duties of Assistant Manager and feels equipped to take them on. Hopefully, the qualificationshe describesin his cover letter will be enough to land him an interview and set up a job for after graduation! Before you head to additional cover letter samples, consider a brief note on format. A Note on Format Charlie's cover letter shows a traditional format, with his name and information at the top, the current date, and the hiring manager's contact details. These headers work well if you're sending your letter as a hard copy or Word attachment. If you're pasting your letter right into the body of an email - an approach that's fine, if not expected, for lots of jobs - then you can leave out these formatting features and start right in with the salutation. Similarly, if you're applying through an online portal and pasting your letter into a text box, then you probably don't need to worry about the format. Consider how you're sending your cover letter, along with any additional application instructions from the organization, and let that guide your formatting. What's Next? Care to read another? Check out this next cover letter sample for the position of Head Content Editor. Are you looking for other kinds of cover letters? Check out our full guide for five more samples, along with tips for how to write yours. If you're writing a cover letter, don't waste time staring at a blank page. This cover letter template and guide will help you get the ball rolling.

Tesco Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tesco Research Paper - Essay Example The report below therefore investigates the manifestation of the organizational culture, structure and the motivational factors that the management employs in enhancing the profitability of the company. In doing this, the research compares the utilization of numerous theories that explain the implementation of such factors in a commercial organization thus enhancing the profitability of the company. Humans are among the most fundamental resources in an organization. This makes the management of humans important since they influence the profitability of the commercial organization. Systems theory of management views commercial organizations as systems with numerous components that must work seamlessly albeit independently in order for the organization to run as a unified whole. In most cases, the components are often in the form of departments. Tesco Corporation has numerous departments key among which are administration, production, marketing and human resource among many others. The various departments must work independently by making independent decisions. However, in making such decisions, the departments must consult each other in order to safeguard the profitability of the commercial organization. Organizational culture refers to the behavior of people within a company. Organizational culture is therefore an essential factor that influences the profitability of a commercial organization since an organization interacts with numerous people. As explained earlier, human resources are some of the most important people in an organization. Additionally, the customers and lawmakers among many other stakeholder are all humans who influence the profitability of a company. This underscores the need for an organization to develop effective structures to supervise the interaction among people within the organization. Tesco Corporation understands the need for effective management of behavior within the organization. Among the tools, the